Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
7 TH International Cukurova Agriculture and Veterinary Congress, Adana, Türkiye, 9 - 10 Mart 2024, ss.26-32
Abstract
Free
radicals that react with biomolecules are reactive molecules that form various
compounds. Free radicals, divided into ROS and RNS, have negative effects on
proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and DNA. The situation caused by
the imbalance between ROS and antioxidant defenses is called oxidative stress. This affects the regulation of cellular
functions, suppressing the organism's antioxidative defenses and causing
various pathological conditions caused by ROS, leading to tissue damage and
accelerated cellular death, which is the basis of many diseases. One of the
most important factors to prevent oxidative stress caused by free radicals is
antioxidants. Antioxidant enzymes alleviate oxidative damage by combating free
radicals. Cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms may lose their effectiveness
as a result of excessive accumulation of free radicals within the cell. The
Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway plays an important role in protecting cells from
damage caused by oxidative stress by restoring endogenous antioxidant enzymes. Nrf2
is an important transcription factor that plays a role in cellular defense
against oxidant damage. Active Nrf2 stimulates antioxidant response elements
and activates antioxidant enzymes such as HO-1 and increases the antioxidant
capacity of the cell. It plays an important role in protecting against the
harmful effects of ROS. HO-1 is an enzyme found in cells that plays a critical
role in protecting cells against oxidative stress, inflammation and other
stress factors. HO-1 breaks down equimolar amounts of products such as
biliverdin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide and is therefore considered an
antioxidative and cytoprotective agent. This review aims to summarize oxidant
and antioxidant systems, provide information about oxidative stress, and explain
how the Nrf2 and HO-1 pathway occurs.
Keywords: Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Nuclear
factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Oxidative stress