The purpose of this study is to evaluate the attempts made to improve the progress of the physical education and sports in the history of Turkish sports- from the period of Ottoman Empire (especially between 1839-1876) to the present- and plans made for the future. Ottoman Empire made important progress the effects of which are still evident in such fields as education and sports. The appreciation for European Systems had influences on education and sports as well as any other field. The concept of sports in Turkey acquired clear position within the social life and education in this period and improved immensely. During the early years of the Republic of Turkey, “physical education” was made a requisite course in all educational institutions, which was the first decision taken in this sense in the world. In time, many strategies have been developed and sport councils have been established.