Genetically Engineered Nanobody–Recombinant Antibody Colloidal Gold Strip for Ultrasensitive Atrazine Detection in Fruits and Vegetables
Food Safety and Health, vol.4, no.3, pp.737-748, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 4 Issue: 3
- Publication Date: 2026
- Doi Number: 10.1002/fsh3.70089
- Journal Name: Food Safety and Health
- Journal Indexes: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus
- Page Numbers: pp.737-748
- Keywords: atrazine, colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip, nanobody, recombinant full-length antibody
- Ataturk University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Colloidal gold immunochromatography (CG-ICA) is distinguished by its cost-effectiveness and rapid detection capabilities. However, its key recognition components—antigens and antibodies—are typically produced through chemical synthesis or ascites induction techniques. These methods often lead to batch-to-batch variability and the risk of cell line loss, thereby limiting the production efficiency of antigens and antibodies. In this study, using atrazine as the target analyte, a novel colloidal gold test strip, AId/rAb-ICA (Anti-Idiotypic nanobody/recombinant full-length antibody-immunochromatographic assay), was successfully developed by employing an anti-idiotypic nanobody (AI-Nb-66) and a recombinant full-length antibody (ATR-rAb) to replace the traditional antigen‒antibody pair in CG‒ICA. The detection limit (LOD) of this test strip was 0.31 ng/mL. It was successfully validated in apples, celery, and scallions, with recovery rates ranging from 82.45% to 103.60% and coefficients of variation (CVs) not exceeding 7.80%. This study offers a new approach for atrazine detection and the development of colloidal gold test strips.