Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer, cilt.30, sa.1, ss.1-23, 2026 (Scopus)
In this study, the effect of spray cooling on photovoltaic (PV) cells was investigated with the aim of reducing cell temperature and enhancing electrical efficiency. The experiments were conducted under a constant solar irradiation of 1,000 W/m2 using an air-assisted DXD-HS1 full-cone nozzle to achieve fine atomization. Different water and air flow rates were tested, and key parameters determining spray cooling performance such as the Sauter mean diameter (SMD), Nusselt number, and heat transfer coefficient were analyzed. In addition, the air-to-liquid ratio (ALR) was calculated to evaluate its impact on cooling efficiency, while the spray angle and jet diameter were measured from images captured with a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. The results revealed that SMD and ALR play a decisive role in spray cooling performance. The highest heat transfer coefficient of 2.61 W/cm2 K was obtained at a water flow rate of 400 mL/min and an air flow rate of 2.7 m3 /h, with the minimum cooling time recorded as 143 seconds. Furthermore, the smallest droplet size of 60.13 µm was achieved at a water flow rate of 200 mL/min combined with an air flow rate of 2.9 m3 /h. The DXD-HS1 nozzle provided rapid and uniform cooling, enabling a significant reduction in cell temperature and an improvement in electrical efficiency. Moreover, compared to conventional cooling approaches, the proposed method offers distinct economic advantages, including lower water consumption, reduced operating costs, and a relatively low initial investment requirement.