Molecular Characterization and Variant Identification of Cpv-2 in Unvaccinated Stray Puppies in Turkiye
XVII. Ulusal Veteriner Hekimleri Mikrobiyoloji Kongresi, Ankara, Türkiye, 6 - 08 Ekim 2026, ss.37-38, (Özet Bildiri)
- Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Özet Bildiri
- Basıldığı Şehir: Ankara
- Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.37-38
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Atatürk Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Introduction: Canine parvovirus (CPV) infection is a widespread viral infection worldwide that causes mortality in puppies due to hemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis. The environmental resistance and high transmissibility of CPV, an unenveloped virus with a single-stranded DNA genome, make its control in canine populations challenging. Objective: This study aimed to molecularly detect CPV-2 in puppies in Erzurum, investigate viral circulation/shedding in the collected samples (blood/rectal swabs), and characterize the positive samples at the variant level through sequence and amino acid analyses.
Materials and Methods: The study material consisted of fecal and blood samples collected from 78 puppies (19 females and 59 males), aged 1–6 months, that were unvaccinated or had no documented vaccination history and exhibited gastrointestinal signs. Following DNA extraction, the CPV/VP2 gene was amplified by conventional PCR. Seven selected positive samples were subjected to sequence analysis for variant identification (CPV-2a/2b/2c). Phylogenetic and amino acid analyses were performed using the sequence data.
Results: CPV-2 positivity was detected in 66/78 (84.6%) fecal samples and 39/78 (50%) blood samples. Of the seven samples subjected to sequence analysis, three were typed as CPV-2a and four as CPV-2b. In terms of amino acid similarity, the strains identified in this study showed 99.4%–100% similarity with each other and 98.9%–100% similarity with strains reported from other countries. The statistical significance of the risk factors investigated in the study was determined using Fisher’s exact test. Regarding sex, positivity rates were 91.5% in males and 63.2% in females (p=0.007). Regarding age, positivity rates were 95.9% in puppies aged 0–1 months and 65.5% in those aged 2–6 months (p<0.001). Phylogenetic analyses showed that the CPV-2 strains identified in this study were not closely related exclusively to reference strains reported from a specific geographical region or country and exhibited a random distribution without distinct clustering.
Discussion and Conclusion: The high CPV-2 positivity observed among symptomatic and unvaccinated puppies in Erzurum indicates that CPV-2 is an important problem in susceptible populations. The concurrent detection of CPV-2a and CPV-2b variants indicates the circulation of multiple variants in the region. These findings support the importance of vaccination, isolation, and biosecurity practices in controlling the infection, particularly under shelter conditions.