Environment and climate change caused by human life negatively affects our world on a global scale. The need for sustainable technological solutions to minimize these disadvantages is becoming increasingly imperative. Nanotechnology is entering our lives at the beginning of the 21th century; in the fields of Science, Engineering and health brings with it developments that will increase our comfort of life. Nanotechnology, which makes great use of nanomaterials in building structure and design, is also closely related to the discipline of architecture. It is seen that nanomaterials in architecture are solutions to problems such as especially energy conservation, air conditioning and comfort in architecture. With nanotechnological applications, it is provided to develop environmentally friendly systems which ensure the generation, storage and efficient use of energy, which reduce waste generation and minimize the threats to human health. In this study, nanotechnological approaches on “sustainable building” and “sustainable environment” were discussed by examining the research, applications and developments made in recent years. In the light of this investigation, it is possible to say that nanotechnology contributes to sustainability.