Objective: This research was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and health control focus in patients with multiple sclerosis. Material and Methods: The sample of this descriptive-cross-sectional study consisted of 115 patients who received multiple sclerosis treatment between April 15 and July 30, 2018 in hospital in Erzurum. In the research, the data were collected using 'Introductory Information Form' 'Self-Efficacy Scale' and 'Multidimensional Health Locus of Control'. The data were evaluated using SPSS 17.0 for Windows program, frequency and percentage, mean, t test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and Cronbach alpha reliability analysis. Results: It was determined that 47% of the patients participating in the study were in the 30-39 age group, 57.4% were women, 81.7% were married, 48.7% were primary school graduates, 54.8% did not work, and 52.2% income was equal to the expense. It has been found that 43% of the patients have had MS for 6 to 10 years and 85% of them do not have this disease in their first and second degree relatives. 74.6% of the patients stated that they did not receive any training during the disease, 77.4% did not follow a disease-specific diet, 93% used their medicines regularly, and had regular health checks. The self-efficacy scale mean scores of patients who received multiple sclerosis treatment were 78.58±16.77, and the Multidimensional Health Control Scale mean scores were 75.07±12.85. Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was found that there was a positive significant relationship between the internal health sub-dimension of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale and the total score of the self-efficacy scale, but there was no significant relationship between the two scales and the other sub-dimensions. It is recommended that nurses plan a holistic care taking into account the relationship between self-efficacy and health focus of control while planning patient care.