Hypertriglyceridaemia-Associated Acute Pancreatitis: Risk Stratification, Drivers, and Prevention of Recurrence
Diseases, cilt.14, sa.2, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
- Cilt numarası: 14 Sayı: 2
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.3390/diseases14020047
- Dergi Adı: Diseases
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, BIOSIS, Directory of Open Access Journals
- Anahtar Kelimeler: acute pancreatitis, apolipoprotein C-III, chylomicronaemia, familial chylomicronaemia syndrome, hypertriglyceridaemia, multifactorial chylomicronaemia, recurrence prevention, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins
- Atatürk Üniversitesi Adresli: Hayır
Özet
Hypertriglyceridaemia is the third most common aetiology of acute pancreatitis and a leading cause of recurrence in specialized lipid clinics. The risk of acute pancreatitis rises steeply once triglycerides exceed approximately 10 mmol/L (≈885 mg/dL). Still, clinically meaningful risk may occur at lower levels in the presence of chylomicronaemia, metabolic stress, or pregnancy. This mini-review synthesizes contemporary evidence on epidemiology, mechanistic links between triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and pancreatic injury, and the practical distinction between secondary (acquired) and genetic drivers of severe hypertriglyceridaemia. We summarize acute management strategies aimed at rapid triglyceride reduction (including insulin-based approaches and therapeutic plasma exchange in selected scenarios) and focus on long-term prevention of recurrence through lifestyle interventions, correction of secondary contributors, and triglyceride-lowering pharmacotherapy. Finally, we discuss emerging RNA-targeted therapies against apolipoprotein C-III and angiopoietin-like 3, which are reshaping prevention strategies for familial and persistent chylomicronaemia and may reduce pancreatitis burden in the highest-risk phenotypes.