Ceramics International, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Surface degradation due to wear and poor biocompatibility associated with the long-term use of biometallic implants significantly limit the clinical performance of the Ti6Al4V alloy, which is widely used in load-bearing orthopedic applications. For this reason, improving wear resistance, biocompatibility, and surface properties of Ti6Al4V alloy is of critical importance. The use of functionally graded materials (FGM) and bioceramic coatings, based on a biomimetic approach, offers an effective strategy for enhancing surface functionality. In this study, biomimetic functionally graded material (FGM) structures were obtained by combining 45S5 Bioglass® and β-TCP coatings deposited via electrophoretic deposition (EPD) with surfaces modified by shot peening at different intensities and their effects on tribological performance were systematically investigated. Wear tests were performed in dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments. With increasing Almen intensity, surface hardness increased and the highest value was obtained in sample 30ABg20 as 646.6 HV0.1. In dry wear tests, the 30ABg20 sample showed the highest tribological performance with the lowest wear rate of 1.3598 × 10−4 mm3/Nm and a wear track width of approximately 267 μm. In tests conducted under SBF conditions, the lowest wear rate was obtained in sample 30ABg20, with a wear track width of 1.2138 × 10−4 mm3/Nm and approximately 226 μm.