Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
ACS OMEGA, cilt.8, ss.23271-23282, 2023 (SCI-Expanded)
Phosphorus (P) is one of the six key elements in plantnutritionand effectively plays a vital role in all major metabolic activities.It is an essential nutrient for plants linked to human food production.Although abundantly present in both organic and inorganic forms insoil, more than 40% of cultivated soils are commonly deficient inP concentration. Then, the P inadequacy is a challenge to a sustainablefarming system to improve the food production for an increasing population.It is expected that the whole world population will rise to 9 billionby 2050 and, therefore, it is necessary at the same time for agriculturalstrategies broadly to expand food production up to 80% to 90% by handlingthe global dilemma which has affected the environment by climaticchanges. Furthermore, the phosphate rock annually produced about 5million metric tons of phosphate fertilizers per year. About 9.5 Mtof phosphorus enters human food through crops and animals such asmilk, egg, meat, and fish and is then utilized, and 3.5 Mt P is physicallyconsumed by the human population. Various new techniques and currentagricultural practices are said to be improving P-deficient environments,which might help meet the food requirements of an increasing population.However, 4.4% and 3.4% of the dry biomass of wheat and chickpea, respectively,were increased under intercropping practices, which was higher thanthat in the monocropping system. A wide range of studies showed thatgreen manure crops, especially legumes, improve the soil-availableP content of the soil. It is noted that inoculation of arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi could decrease the recommended phosphate fertilizerrate nearly 80%. Agricultural management techniques to improve soillegacy P use by crops include maintaining soil pH by liming, croprotation, intercropping, planting cover crops, and the consumptionof modern fertilizers, in addition to the use of more efficient cropvarieties and inoculation with P-solubilizing microorganisms. Therefore,exploring the residual phosphorus in the soil is imperative to reducethe demand for industrial fertilizers while promoting long-term sustainabilityon a global scale.