Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
ChemistrySelect, cilt.10, sa.18, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
Bee products exhibit varying chemical compositions and biological activity across various flora, climates, and geographies. Therefore, being one of the most significant beekeeping locations in Türkiye, bee products from Artvin province were thoroughly examined in this study. 53 bioactive phytochemicals were screened in order to quantitatively assess the secondary metabolite content of these products using a comprehensive and validated LC-MS/MS method. Antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH•, ABTS•+ and DMPD•+ radical scavenging, CUPRAC, FRAP, Fe3+ reduction and total phenolic and flavonoid content determination methods. Inhibition effect of bee products on hCA I (antiepilepsy), hCA II (antiglaucoma), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (anti-Alzheimer's disease), α-glycosidase and α-amylase (antidiabetic) were investigated. In addition, naphthalene, sugars composition (glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltose), hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), proline, diastase, pH, electrical conductivity, moisture, and free acidity analyses were performed in honey. Among the bee samples, propolis was quantitatively and qualitatively observed to contain the highest concentration of secondary metabolites. The highest concentrations observed were chrysin in propolis (9.163 mg/g), quinic acid in royal jelly and bee bread (16.66 mg/g and 2,428 mg/g respectively), astragalin in pollen (0.171 mg/g), and vanillin in honey (21.756 mg/g). Furthermore, the most significant antioxidant activity was detected in propolis. Overall, honey exhibited the minimal antioxidant action. Royal jelly was identified as the product exhibiting the most protective effects against Alzheimer's disease, glaucoma, epilepsy, and diabetes. It was determined that honey complies with the analysis limits determined by international and national organizations.