Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, cilt.12, sa.3, ss.753-763, 2025 (Hakemli Dergi)
This research represents the first step in enhancing the potential of
black cumin seeds for developing new varieties through classical
breeding methods. For this purpose, the application conditions of sodium
azide, a chemical mutagen, were optimized to produce M1 seeds. To
achieve this optimization, we applied sodium azide mutagen to seeds at
various concentrations (1, 2, 3, and 4 mM) and durations (1, 2, 3, and 4
hours) and assessed its impact on germination parameters. A field study
involving single plant selections from the mutant and control groups
was also conducted to evaluate the agricultural characteristics of
plants in the M1 generation. The results revealed that as the
concentration of sodium azide increased, the germination rate,
germination rate coefficient, germination rate index, and germination
vigor index decreased, while the average germination time increased. The
differences in dose significantly affected all variations in
germination parameters. The germination rate decreased from 85.6% in the
control group to 38.0% with increasing doses. In terms of field
performance, significant differences in plant height, first branch
height, first capsule height, capsule diameter, and 1000-seed weight
were detected between the mutant and control groups of M1 plants.
However, there were no significant differences in the number of
branches, capsules per plant, number of seeds in the capsule, or yield
per plant. In conclusion, a 3 mM x 2 hour application of sodium azide to
seeds effectively induced genetic variation in black cumin,
demonstrating its potential for improving black cumin through
mutagenesis.