Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
3. International Environmental Chemistry, Antalya, Türkiye, 1 - 04 Kasım 2021, ss.58
As a result of the increase in diseases in the world and in our country, there has been a significant increase
in the use of medical drugs. Studies conducted by Health Organizations have found that more than half of
the drugs used are not prescribed, distributed, or sold inappropriately. In addition, half of the patients stated
that they did not take or use the drugs they used as specified. As well as impacting negatively on individual
health, and resulting in extensive resource waste, pharmaceutical use – and “misuse” – can have significant
adverse repercussions on wildlife and ecosystems, particularly when unused medicines are disposed of
inappropriately1
. An ageing demographic, the rise of chronic health conditions, the availability of inexpensive
generic treatments, and the advent of “lifestyle” drugs have been the key drivers of increased pharmaceutical
medicine use within the European Region and our country. Medicine use for preventive purposes is also now
commonplace in some countries, with biomarkers used to assess risks often resulting in medicine use, even
when health risks are relatively low1,2
.
While the health and economic benefits of pharmaceutical developments are widely acknowledged, unused
drugs are inappropriately dumped into the environment. Pharmaceuticals thrown into the environment
affect the natural world more and more 1,2
.
Pharmaceuticals have been found mainly in surface waters such as lakes and rivers, but also in groundwater,
soil, manure and even drinking water. Pharmaceuticals have been found mainly in surface waters such as
lakes and rivers, but also in groundwater, soil, manure and even drinking water. There are two main routes
by which active pharmaceutical ingredients used within human medicines enter the environment. First, when
medicines taken are excreted in urine or faeces; and second, when unused medicines are thrown down the
toilet, sink or gabrage. In both cases, medical pharmaceuticals end up in sewage treatment plants that are
generally not designed to remove such pollutants from wastewater. Waste from drug production discharged
into surface waters may harm aquatic life, can potentially contaminate the meat of cattle, which can affect
the human food chain, and could further spread hazardous substances into the soil and waterways1–4
.
It is very important to determine drug concentrations based on direct concentration measurements of the
drug of interest (or its metabolites) excreted in the urine in untreated wastewater samples. In this study, it
was aimed to develop and validate a method for the determination of antibiotics in wastewater