Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY, cilt.122, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Understanding the combined effects of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) and minor temperature changes is urgent for assessing the possible risks to aquatic organisms under global climate change and nanoparticleassociated environmental stressors. This study investigated the cytotoxic, antioxidant, reproductive and genotoxic responses of Oncorhynchus mykiss gonadal (RTG-2) cells following exposure to NiO NPs (25-250 mu g/mL) under minor temperature changes (23 degrees C, 24 degrees C, and 25 degrees C) for 24 and 48 h. Our results show that the toxicity induced by cubic crystal NiO NPs (10-40 nm) was strongly modulated by both temperature and exposure time. The highest toxicity (83.49 % cell death) was observed at 100 mu g/mL after 48 h at 25 degrees C. After 48 h of exposure, NiO NP treatment led to 4.7-fold and 4.4-fold increases in sod1 gene expression at 24 degrees C compared with 23 degrees C and 25 degrees C, respectively. In contrast, sod2 and gpx1a gene expressions at 24 degrees C were 2.3-fold and 7.3-fold lower than that at 23 degrees C, respectively. Similarly, hol gene expression was decreased by 12.4-fold and 11.4-fold at 24 degrees C and 25 degrees C, respectively, compared with that at 23 degrees C. Compared with the control treatment, the NiO NP treatment increased the tail DNA percentage by 46.29 %, 42.61 % and 37.75 % compared to the control groups at 23 degrees C, 24 degrees C and, 25 degrees C, respectively. These results indicate that minor environmental temperature changes can significantly alter nanoparticle toxicity by disrupting oxidative and genetic defense pathways and highlight the need for revised nanoparticle risk assessments under climate change scenarios.