Validity and reliability of the Turkish adaptation of the Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES)

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Yılmaz S., Dursun D., Gürbüz Kaya E., Yeğen S., Kuzulugil M.

Journal of Public Health From Theory to Practice, cilt.1, sa.1, ss.1-10, 2025 (Scopus)

• Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
• Cilt numarası: 1 Sayı: 1
• Basım Tarihi: 2025
• Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s10389-025-02558-2
• Dergi Adı: Journal of Public Health From Theory to Practice
• Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus
• Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-10
• Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
• Atatürk Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Aim This study aimed to adapt the Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES) into Turkish and evaluate

its validity and reliability in Turkish adults.

Methods This methodological study was conducted between July and October 2023 with 358 adults selected via multistage

cluster sampling in Erzurum, Turkey. The adaptation followed standard translation and cultural adaptation procedures.

Construct validity was examined using exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Linguistic validity was

assessed via correlations between the PANES-TR and the original English form (PANES-EN). Criterion validity was examined

using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-TR). Reliability was assessed via internal

consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient - ICC). Discriminant validity was

evaluated by comparing scores between the lower and upper 27% groups.

Results The sample (mean age 40.1 ± 13.0 years) was 57.0% male and 62.0% college/university graduates. EFA supported a

four-factor structure (Physical Activity Friendly Environment, Safety, Accessibility, Pedestrian Infrastructure) for the PANESTR,

differing from the original scale; this was confirmed by CFA. High correlations were found between PANES-TR and

PANES-EN (r = .79-.82). A weak, positive, significant correlation was found between PANES-TR and IPAQ-TR scores (r =

.31). Cronbach's alpha was .81; test-retest ICC values ranged from .45 to .83. Significant differences were observed between

the lower and upper 27% PANES-TR groups. No significant differences were found across socio-demographic variables.

Conclusion The PANES-TR demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability for assessing perceived neighborhood suitability

for physical activity among Turkish adults. It can be used in future research and public health interventions.

Keywords Physical activity · Built environment · Perceived neighborhood environment · Scale adaptation · Turkey